As a precision experimental tool, the air displacement pipette's operating principle cleverly utilizes the air pressure difference and negative pressure. By moving the precision-designed piston system up and down, the pipette is able to build a dynamic air pressure environment inside it. This mechanism provides a solid foundation for precise liquid suction and discharge.
1. Specific working principle 1. Liquid aspiration: (1) When the pipette catheter is inserted below the liquid level, through the upward movement of the piston (or the compression of the spring), the air inside the pipette is compressed, causing the internal pressure to increase. (2) Due to the relatively large air pressure inside the container (i.e. outside the pipette catheter), a negative pressure area is formed. (3) Under the action of this negative pressure, the liquid is sucked into the catheter to complete the liquid suction process. 2. Liquid discharge: (1) When the pipette catheter is inserted above the liquid level, the air inside the pipette is released through the downward movement of the piston (or the release of the spring), causing the internal pressure to decrease. (2) At this time, the air pressure inside the container is relatively large, forming a positive pressure area. (3) Under the action of this positive pressure, the liquid is pushed out of the conduit, completing the liquid discharge process.
2. Application scenarios and advantages Air displacement pipettes are widely used in various experiments requiring trace amounts of liquid transfer due to their high precision, speed and ease of operation: 1. Standard solution pipetting: air displacement pipettes are suitable For pipetting of standard solutions, such as water, buffers, diluted salt solutions, acid and alkali solutions, etc. These solutions typically have low viscosity and volatility, allowing air displacement pipettes to perform pipetting tasks accurately and quickly. 2. Biochemical experiments: In biochemical experiments, air displacement pipettes are often used to transfer and culture cells, microorganisms, etc. By precisely controlling the amount of liquid, the stability and repeatability of experimental conditions can be ensured, thereby obtaining accurate and reliable experimental results. 3. Drug research and development and medical diagnosis: During the drug screening process, air displacement pipettes can accurately measure the concentration and dosage of drugs to ensure the accuracy of experimental results. In medical diagnosis, it is used to extract and transfer blood, urine and other samples, providing important basis for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. 4. High-throughput experiments: Air displacement pipettes are also suitable for high-throughput experiments, such as PCR experiments and ELISA experiments. These experiments require the rapid and accurate transfer of large amounts of samples, and the efficiency and accuracy of air displacement pipettes make them ideal. 5. Environmental monitoring and food safety testing: In these fields, air displacement pipettes can accurately measure the content of various pollutants, providing strong support for environmental protection and food safety. Advantages 1. Fast pipetting speed: Using pressure difference and negative pressure, various pipetting operations can be completed quickly, which is suitable for time-sensitive experimental operations. 2. Easy to operate: The pipette has a simple structure and is easy to use. It does not require any special skills or operating experience. 3. No pollution: Because it adopts the principle of air replacement and does not come into direct contact with liquid, there is no pollution to the experimental operating environment.
Opentrons' pipettes use the principle of air displacement. This principle enables Opentrons pipettes to aspirate and discharge liquids accurately and quickly. Through the up and down movement of the piston, Opentrons pipettes can compress or release air, thereby forming negative or positive pressure inside the pipette to achieve control of liquids. This design not only improves the accuracy of pipetting, but also makes the operation easier and faster.
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